List several functions of the skeletal system. Identify the two major divisions of the skeleton. Besides bones, what other organs are included in the skeletal system?. What is the skeletal system? How many bones are there in the adult skeleton?. In addition, it boosts the number of insulin-producing cells and reduces fat stores. It increases insulin secretion and also the sensitivity of cells to insulin. One endocrine hormone secreted by bone cells is osteocalcin, which helps regulate blood glucose and fat deposition. In this way, bones help maintain acid-base homeostasis in the blood.Īnother way bones help to maintain homeostasis is by acting as an endocrine organ. Bone minerals are alkaline (basic), so their release into the blood buffers the blood against excessive acidity (low pH), whereas their absorption back into bones buffers the blood against excessive alkalinity (high pH). When blood levels of minerals are too low, bones release some of the minerals back into the blood. When mineral levels in the blood are too high, bones absorb some of the minerals and store them as mineral salts, which is why bones are so hard. Just the right levels of calcium and other minerals are needed in the blood for the normal functioning of the body. This storage function is related to the role of bones in maintaining mineral homeostasis. They keep the bones of the skeleton in place.Īnother function of the skeletal system is storing minerals, especially calcium and phosphorus. Ligaments are bands of fibrous connective tissue that hold bones together. It covers the ends of bones at joints, providing a smooth surface for bones to move over. It is strong but flexible and very smooth. 
Cartilage is a type of dense connective tissue, made of tough protein fibers.\): Some of the 206 bones are labeled on the adult human skeleton.īesides bones, the skeletal system includes cartilage and ligaments.
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